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Caesarea
Caesarea's restored Roman theater. Photo Eliot.
Caesarea (also known as Caesarea Palaestina and Caesarea Maritima) is an ancient city, now archaeological park, located on the Mediterranean Sea 33 miles north of Joppa and 60 miles northwest of Jerusalem. Constructed by Herod the Great between 22 and 10 BC and named for Caesar Augustus, Caesarea was one of the most splendid cities in Palestine and was the capital of the province for almost 600 years.
Caesarea also figures prominently in the religious history of the area. Herod built a great Roman temple here dedicated to the Divine Augustus. Half a century later, Peter and Paul visited the city (as recorded in the New Testament book of Acts). And towards the end of the 1st century, mistreatment of Jews in Caesarea led to the First Jewish Revolt (66-70 AD). In the 3rd and 4th centuries, Caesarea became a major center of both Jewish and Christian scholarship, with several rabbinical schools and a great library founded |